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Original Article | Open Access | Am. J. Pure Appl. Sci., 2021; 3(4), 79-84. | doi: 10.34104/ajpab.021.079084

Scenario of Bangladesh in Various Sectors Due to Covid-19 Pandemic

Mehedi Hasan ,
Md Nahid Ferdous ,
Md. Aminul Islam ,
Md. Rajib Hossain* Mail Img ,
Md Sohanur Rahman ,
Tanveer Ahmed ,
Md. Riajul Islam

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on the 11th March 2020. COVID-19 has a wide range of effects. Increased Covid-19 infection is a major risk factor due to human unconsciousness and disobedience. The effects are increasing gradually. Therefore, the Bangladesh government has imposed a lockdown, but the outcome is adverse to this lockdown. It has shown us the real situation in our economic, social, education, service, and health sectors. It reveals, in particular, that, as a result of Covid-19, our health sector, which is a basic human need, has entirely broken down, and that, as a result of the epidemic, our educational system has also been impacted. Generally speaking, the education sector will suffer significant damage. Our main purpose in this paper is to show the impact of Covid-19 on different sectors of our country. 

INTRODUCTION

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a contagious disease. It is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, a part of the new virus family that typically causes lung sick-ness. Before the outbreak in Wuhan, China, in Dece-mber 2019, it was unknown (Rahman et al., 2020; WHOc, 2020). This virus quickly spread thr-oughout different territories and, for this, it was dec-lared as a Public Health Crisis Worldwide Issue on January 30, 2020 by WHO (World Health Organization) (Rahman et al., 2020). COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the WHO (World Health Organization) on March 11, 2020 (Chowdhury, 2020; Nahid, 2021, WHOd, 2020). 

According to epidemiological surveys, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has an incubation period of 1-14 days (Jin et al., 2020). The Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Research confirmed the first Corona virus patient in Bangladesh on March 8, 2020 (IEDCR, 2020). As Bangladesh is a densely populated country, it is probable that the novel corona virus will spread fast throughout the country (WHOa, 2020). Bangladesh will face a major chall-enge in controlling the newly emerging Corona virus outbreak (WHOb, 2020). Because there is no way to maintain social distance and no one is concerned about health issues (Barua, 2020; MPH, 2020). This study aims to find out the effect of Covid-19 on various sectors of Bangladesh.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The Covid-19 pandemic is still ongoing. Its difficult to find accurate and up-to-date information. This study is based on secondary data. We used credible newspapers, different study papers, and articles about this pandemic to gather data from the begi-nning of  March 2020 to the beginning of June 2021.

Different impact of Covid-19 on Bangladesh

Economy - The Covid-19 has already had an impact on a variety of industries. Firstly, the pandemics initial impact is a temporary stoppage of factories and industries in the affected countries, resulting in decreased productivity (Barua, 2020). For example, many huge international corporations have already temporarily halted production in different countries (Whalen & Bhattarai, 2020; Wilson, 2020). Bangla-desh is being authorized to undergo lockdowns at various times and periods as confirmed cases of Covid-19 rise every day. The lockdown is having an effect on workers and companies around the country. The economy has completely halted. The real consequences may be seen in nearly every sector (Ahmed, 2020). Although major sectors receive special attention from authorities, the coronavirus pandemic had a significant impact on Bangladeshs major sectors, agriculture, industry, and services, which contributed 18%, 29%, and 53% of the countrys GDP, respectively (Bangladesh Econ. Rev., 2019;  nath et al., 2020). Bangladeshs GDP is expected to drop by $3 billion and more than $9 million people will lose their jobs, according to the Asian Development Banks ongoing Covid-19 pan-demic (ADB, 2020).

Social - Covid-19 has had a negative impact on soc-iety in Bangladesh. The pandemic has also had an influence on religion, with several afflicted countries cancelling prayers in mosques, temples, and chur-ches. Many churches and temples provide live streaming worship (Parke, 2020). Most Bangladeshis are Muslims, and rural religious authorities have started protesting the governments announcement and dri-ving thousands to cluster in mosques to pray for the viruss recovery. Bangladesh faces a threat from this massive gathering of religious people (Rafee, 2020). A large majority of individuals have lost their employment and livelihoods and they have been engaged in criminal offenses in this time period. According to the Bangladesh National Women Lawyers Association (BNWLA), rape cases have increased dramatically in COVID-19. In January, 98 rapes occurred, followed by 92 in February, 67 in March, 76 in April, 94 in May, and 174 in June.

Education - The first Corona case was discovered on March 8. Educational institutions continued to operate. The Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education is considering adopting distinct ways and habits of doing the dos and donts by the students and teachers. According to the education ministry, this was for the purpose of monitoring the situation (Alamgir, 2020b). Students from four different departments at Dhaka University quit classes on March 15 because of increasing Corona virus inci-dence (Alamgir, 2020a). The results of the S.S.C. and equivalent exams were sent out via text mess-ages and posted on the Internet on May 31 (Dhaka Tribune, 2020). H.S.C exam has also been postponed because of this Covid-19 (HSC Exam 2020 Post-poned Due to Coronavirus Fears in Bangladesh, 2020). Every day, students become more frustrated. Candidates for the H.S.C. have no idea when their exam will be held. Around them, distress is incr-easing. If the situation stays the same, the scenario of public universities will worsen (Alamgir, 2020c). 

Although, private universities are continuing their classes online, they are encountering numerous issues. Many students have to face internet issue because it is not available in rural areas and making it impossible for continuing their studies through online. Students often say that learning thro-ugh online classes is tough. Its also challenging for teac-hers to teach because theyre used to doing it in trad-itional ways (Islam, 2020). Now it has been more than one year, the educational institutes have closed. Covid-19 has a negative impact on our education system. Because, we have face numerous issues for completing the classes through online. Furthermore, many students suffer from various mental illnesses.

Service - As, governments of Bangladesh decided for long-term lockdown, a large number of indivi-duals will lose their jobs. Several workers rights organizations believe that a large number of people are already unemployed, with estimates ranging from 1.5 crore to upwards of 5 crore people, while two eco-nomists estimate that the figure will be between 1.30 crore and 1.50 crore people (Nath et al., 2020). 

Tourism - Bangladesh has at least 12-15 inter-national five-star hotels. Approximately 600 un-known three- and two-star hotels and motels are spread over Bangladesh. Bangladesh will lose more than Tk 3 billion in economic terms. More than half a million people employed in the tourist and hos-pitality industry, either directly or indirectly, are at risk of losing their jobs (Nath et al., 2020). 

Health - On June 7, 2021, confirmed cases were 1970 (Fig 1), with 30 deaths (Fig 2). Fig 3 illustrates the number of confirmed cases according to division and the Dhaka division is in the first position. Fig 4 shows the number of affected people according to district and Dhaka district is also in first position among the districts. Up to the 7th of June, 812,960 people had been infected, and 12,869 people had died. The death rate was approximately 1.6% (Corona- virus COVID-19 Dashboard, 2021). The maximum rate for testing is 17,169 which are, without a doubt, incredibly poor in comparison to our total popu-lation. We know that, medical facilities in Bangla-desh are deplorable, particularly in government hospitals, and the Covid-19 situation exacerbates the situation. The real scenario is that Bangladesh does not have sufficient treatment for corona affected people and every day it is getting worse as the second wave of the corona virus is going on. The primary cause behind this is the lack of progress in the public health sector. The number of beds in total is 1,27,000 in hospitals, with government hospitals accounting for 91,000 of them. Another problem is that these hospitals are situated in the capital (Dhaka) of Bangladesh. Last year, almost 1200 doctors from these hospitals died because of Covid-19. This happened due to a lack of protective gear, PPE and masks, etc (Nath et al., 2020).

DISCUSSION:

Like other countries, different sectors of Bangladesh are distorted because of the Covid-19 pandemic. The economic system has been severely harmed as a re-sult of this lockdown. The students have suffered greatly as a result of the pandemic. Students are un-able to sit for exams or classes because educational institutions are closed. Online classes, on the other hand, are a solution to this problem, but they are not appropriate for all students. During the Covid-19 period, Bangladeshs health system was in shambles, and as a result, other sectors suffered as well.

CONCLUSION

This pandemic is now becoming a threat for Bangla-desh. This pandemic has caused a global social and economic crisis, and the infection is spreading at a rapid rate. So, the first step is to become aware of all of us as a group. We still donot know when the coronaviruss impact will diminish or when a vaccine for it will be developed. Until then, we must learn to cope with a new normal life. Obeying health rules and laws by the government such as wearing a mask, using hand sanitizer, not holding a public meeting in the same place, etc. to protect ourselves from this virus.The government and institutions should colla-borate to provide university students with cost-effective psychological care in a timely and accurate manner. Universities should establish all encom-passing online-based educational programs to reach out to students living in remote places with or with-out access to the internet by offering scholarships or student loans. Authorities and policy maker of Bangladesh needs to take necessary steps so that different sector can make up their loss. Every people of Bangladesh get proper health care when they infected by covid-19.    

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Authors of this paper acknowledging Md. Rajib Hossain, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Environ-mental Science and Disaster Management, Banga-bandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Tech-nology University, Gopalganj-8100, Bangladesh for his valuable suggestions and time.

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The authors declare that there is no conflict of inte-rest regarding the publication of this paper.

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Article Info:

Dr. Phelipe Magalhães Duarte, Professor, Department of Veterinary, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Received

June 8, 2021

Accepted

July 1, 2021

Published

July 19, 2021

Article DOI: 10.34104/ajpab.021.079084

Corresponding author

Md. Rajib Hossain*

Dept. of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University (BSMRSTU), Gopalganj-8100, Bangladesh.

Cite this article

Hasan M, Ferdous MM, Islam A, Hossain MR, Rahman MS, Ahmed T, and Islam MR. (2021).  Scenario of Bangladesh in various sectors due to Covid-19 pandemic. Am. J. Pure Appl. Sci., 3(4), 79-84. https://doi.org/10.34104/ajpab.021.079084 

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