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Landslide Affected Areas and Challenges Imposed in North Eastern Region of India: An Appraisal


Kuntala Bhusan1*, Tushar Pande1, and Jnana Ranjan Kayal2

1North Eastern Space Applications Centre, Govt of India, Dept of Space, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India; and 2Formerlywith Geophysics Division, Geological Survey of India, Kolkata 700071, West Bengal, India. 

*Correspondence: kuntala.bhusan@nesac.gov.in (Kuntala Bhusan, North Eastern Space Applications Centre, Govt of India, Dept of Space, Umiam 793103, Meghalaya, India).

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ABSTRACT

The Earth Observation (EO) data of various Spatio-temporal resolutions are used to study potential sources of landslide hazards in the North Eastern Region (NER) of India. The studies are made in all the eight states of NER, namely Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, and Tripura on different project modes during the past decade. All types of landslides of various magnitudes and dimensions are triggered by rainfall, earthquakes, or by combined effects in this tectonically active region. Anthropogenic factors also play a role in places, particularly in urban areas. The NER is one of the most seismically active regions in the world, and it falls in the highest seismic risk zone, (Zone V), in the seismic zoning map of India.  The region also receives much rainfall because of its geographic and climatic conditions. We report how the physiography, as well as the local geology, plays the main role in the failure of the rock formation and over-burden causing the landslide hazards, which create severe communication disruption and sometimes casualties. Fragile, soft, and weathered rock formations along the steep slope make the terrain much more susceptible to landslides. Deep-seated landslides disrupt transportation networks for a longer duration while shallow slides, mostly affect the urban life for a short duration. The reported causalities associated with landslide hazards are much high in the NER compared to other parts of India. 

Keywords: Landslides, Hazards, Earthquakes, Rainfall, Geology, NER India, and EO data.

Citation: Bhusan K, Pande P, and Kayal JR. (2022). Landslide affected areas and challenges imposed in north eastern region of India: an appraisal. Aust. J. Eng. Innov. Technol., 4(2), 32-44. 

https://doi.org/10.34104/ajeit.022.032044


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