Jakia Sultana1*, Md. Aoulad Hosen1,2*, Zakaria Ahmed Sany1, Najmun Nahar Farju1, Jakiul Hasan Jihad2, Md. Shiblee Sadik Sabuj3, Nasrin Sultana Tonu4, A.S.M Mohiuddin2, and Nazmi Ara Rumi2
1Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Science, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh; 2Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh; 3Dept. of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea; and 4Upazila Livestock Office and Veterinary Hospital, Barura, Cumilla, Bangladesh.
*Correspondence: aoulad1992@gmail.com (Md. Aoulad Hosen, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh).
**Correspondence: jakiasultanapia@gmail.com (Jakia Sultana, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Health Science, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh).
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ABSTRACT
Numerous leather products are created from cattle hides and skins. However, the processing of these products can release toxic heavy metals, including chromium into the environment, leading to health hazards and environmental pollution. This study aims to isolate and identify multidrug-resistant bacteria from rawhide, salted hides, and tanneries in different areas of the Savar region in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. The secondary objective is to determine the heavy metal tolerance and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Cr against all isolated bacteria. The study found 206 bacterial isolates from three areas: Polashbari Kathaltola, Polashbari Bazar, and Savar Hemaythpur. Rawhide yielded 100 (48.54%) bacterial isolates, salted hide yielded 80(38.83%) isolates, and tannery wastewater yielded only 26 (12.62%) isolates. Further, Bacillus spp. (60) was the most common isolated bacteria. The other identified bacteria were Pseudomonas spp. (46), Staphylococcus spp. (40), Proteus spp. (40), and Escherichia coli (20). The isolated strains showed multidrug resistance, with Staphylococcus spp. Being highly resistant to Erythromycin (100%), followed by Trimethoprim (95%) and Tetracycline (88%). Pseudomonas spp. Were highly resistant to Azithromycin (100%) and Gentamycin (100%). The MIC and the MIC breakpoint determined the screening and evaluation of Cr tolerance against bacteria, and among the isolated bacterial isolates, Bacillus spp. showed a MIC breakpoint of 600 ppm (11.52mM) for Cr tolerance. The isolated heavy metal-resistant bacteria are useful in the bioremediation process and can aid in recovering and removing heavy metals from environmental effluents, thus preventing adverse effects on humans and animals. The government and leather companies should take legal responsibility for proper leather processing to ensure a preventative approach for safe public health. Otherwise, carcinogenic heavy metals can cause cancer in humans.
Keywords: Multidrug-resistant bacteria, Raw hides, Salted hides, and Tannery wastewater.
Citation: Sultana J, Hosen MA, Sany ZA, Farju NN, Jihad JH, Sabuj MSS, Tonu NS, Mohiuddin ASM, and Rumi NA. (2024). Isolation of multidrug-resistant bacteria from raw hides, salted hides, and tannery wastewater and their heavy metal (Cr) tolerance. Am. J. Pure Appl. Sci., 6(3), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.34104/ajpab.024.084092
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